/* ============================================
   Majid Malboubi — Mechanical Engineering
   Design: Swiss-minimal editorial, sidebar nav
   ============================================ */

:root {
  --text-xs: clamp(0.75rem, 0.72rem + 0.15vw, 0.8125rem);
  --text-sm: clamp(0.85rem, 0.82rem + 0.2vw, 0.95rem);
  --text-base: clamp(1rem, 0.96rem + 0.2vw, 1.0625rem);
  --text-lg: clamp(1.1rem, 1rem + 0.5vw, 1.35rem);
  --text-xl: clamp(1.5rem, 1.2rem + 1.25vw, 2.1rem);
  --text-2xl: clamp(2rem, 1.3rem + 2.4vw, 3.2rem);
  --text-hero: clamp(2.6rem, 1rem + 5.6vw, 6.4rem);

  --space-1: 0.25rem;
  --space-2: 0.5rem;
  --space-3: 0.75rem;
  --space-4: 1rem;
  --space-5: 1.25rem;
  --space-6: 1.5rem;
  --space-8: 2rem;
  --space-10: 2.5rem;
  --space-12: 3rem;
  --space-16: 4rem;
  --space-20: 5rem;
  --space-24: 6rem;
  --space-32: 8rem;

  --color-bg: #faf8f3;
  --color-surface: #f3f1ea;
  --color-ink: #14181a;
  --color-ink-soft: #2b302f;
  --color-muted: #6c716c;
  --color-faint: #a9ada6;
  --color-line: rgba(20, 24, 26, 0.14);
  --color-line-soft: rgba(20, 24, 26, 0.08);
  --color-accent: #0e6e73;
  --color-accent-soft: #d8e6e4;
  --color-inverse: #faf8f3;
  --color-deep-teal: #0d3336;
  --color-teal-tint: #c3dcd6;
  --color-blue-tint: #c5d7e0;
  --color-green-tint: #c8ddc7;

  --font-display: 'Switzer', 'General Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;
  --font-body: 'Satoshi', 'Inter', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;

  --sidebar-w: 320px;
  --transition: 220ms cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}

*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  scroll-padding-top: var(--space-8);
}

body {
  background: var(--color-bg);
  color: var(--color-ink);
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  line-height: 1.6;
}

a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
img, svg, canvas { display: block; max-width: 100%; }
h1, h2, h3, h4 { font-family: var(--font-display); line-height: 1.05; letter-spacing: -0.02em; text-wrap: balance; }
p { text-wrap: pretty; }

::selection { background: var(--color-accent-soft); color: var(--color-ink); }
:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--color-accent); outline-offset: 3px; border-radius: 2px; }

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *, *::before, *::after {
    animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    scroll-behavior: auto !important;
  }
}

/* ---------- Sidebar ---------- */

.sidebar {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0;
  width: var(--sidebar-w);
  padding: var(--space-8) var(--space-8) var(--space-6);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--color-line);
  background: var(--color-bg);
  z-index: 40;
}

.logo {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  color: var(--color-ink);
}
.logo svg { flex-shrink: 0; }
.logo-word {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 1.38rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  line-height: 1.15;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.side-nav {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--space-1);
  margin: var(--space-16) 0;
}
.side-nav a {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  padding: var(--space-2) 0;
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--color-ink-soft);
  transition: color var(--transition), gap var(--transition);
}
.side-nav a span {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  color: var(--color-faint);
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.side-nav a:hover, .side-nav a:focus-visible, .side-nav a.active {
  color: var(--color-accent);
  gap: var(--space-4);
}
.side-nav a.active span { color: var(--color-accent); }

.side-foot {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--space-4);
}
.side-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--space-2) var(--space-3);
}
.side-links a {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-1);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-line);
  padding-bottom: 1px;
  transition: color var(--transition), border-color var(--transition);
}
.side-links a:hover { color: var(--color-accent); border-color: var(--color-accent); }
.social-icon {
  width: 14px;
  height: 14px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  filter: grayscale(1);
  opacity: 0.55;
  transition: opacity 0.2s ease, filter 0.2s ease;
}
.side-links a:hover .social-icon { filter: grayscale(0); opacity: 1; }
.side-note {
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  color: var(--color-faint);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.nav-toggle {
  display: none;
  position: fixed;
  top: var(--space-4);
  right: var(--space-4);
  z-index: 60;
  width: 44px; height: 44px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--color-ink);
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 4px;
}
.nav-toggle span {
  display: block;
  width: 18px; height: 2px;
  background: var(--color-bg);
  transition: transform var(--transition), opacity var(--transition);
}
.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(1) { transform: translateY(6px) rotate(45deg); }
.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(2) { opacity: 0; }
.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(3) { transform: translateY(-6px) rotate(-45deg); }

/* ---------- Main / Layout ---------- */

main { margin-left: var(--sidebar-w); }

.section {
  padding: clamp(var(--space-16), 8vw, var(--space-32)) clamp(var(--space-6), 5vw, var(--space-16));
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-line);
}

.section-head {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 30% 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-8);
  align-items: start;
  margin-bottom: clamp(var(--space-10), 5vw, var(--space-16));
}
.tag {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  color: var(--color-muted);
}
.tag.light { color: rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.6); }
.section-head h2 { font-size: var(--text-2xl); font-weight: 600; }
.profile-heading { display: flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; align-items: baseline; gap: clamp(var(--space-1), 1.2vw, var(--space-3)); max-width: 100%; min-width: 0; }
.profile-heading .profile-name { font-size: var(--text-2xl); font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.1; white-space: nowrap; flex-shrink: 0; }
.profile-heading .profile-credentials { font-size: clamp(0.4rem, 1.3vw, 0.85rem); font-weight: 500; color: var(--color-muted); letter-spacing: -0.01em; white-space: nowrap; min-width: 0; }

/* ---------- Hero ---------- */

.hero {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 100vh;
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-end;
  padding: clamp(var(--space-16), 8vw, var(--space-24)) clamp(var(--space-6), 5vw, var(--space-16));
  overflow: hidden;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-line);
  background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.4), rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.4)), url("assets/hero-background.jpg");
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: left center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
}
@supports (background-image: image-set(url("x.webp") 1x)) or (background-image: -webkit-image-set(url("x.webp") 1x)) {
  .hero {
    background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.4), rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.4)), url("assets/hero-background.webp");
  }
}
.hero-inner { position: relative; z-index: 1; width: 100%; max-width: 900px; container-type: inline-size; }
.eyebrow {
  font-size: clamp(0.935rem, 0.902rem + 0.22vw, 1.045rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
}
.hero h1 {
  font-size: clamp(1.445rem, 7.78cqw, 4.352rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.035em;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.hero h1 em {
  font-style: normal;
  color: var(--color-accent);
}
.hero-subline {
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  color: var(--color-accent);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
}
.hero-subline-highlight { color: var(--color-ink); }
.hero-intro {
  max-width: 560px;
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--color-ink-soft);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
}
.hero-spacer { visibility: hidden; }
.hero-cta {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-5);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-ink);
  border-radius: 999px;
  transition: background var(--transition), color var(--transition), gap var(--transition);
}
.hero-cta:hover { background: var(--color-ink); color: var(--color-bg); gap: var(--space-3); }

.hero .hero-cta {
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: var(--space-4) var(--space-6);
  gap: var(--space-3);
}
.hero .hero-cta:hover { gap: var(--space-4); }

/* ---------- About ---------- */

.about-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 22% 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-8) var(--space-8);
}
#about .about-grid { align-items: start; }
#about .lede { position: sticky; top: clamp(var(--space-10), 6vw, var(--space-16)); }
#about .about-body > p { max-width: none; }
.lede {
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.4;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: var(--color-ink);
}
.about-body p {
  max-width: 68ch;
  color: var(--color-ink-soft);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-5);
}
.about-body p.projects-lede-links {
  max-width: none;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  font-weight: 500;
}
.projects-lede-links a {
  color: var(--color-accent);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}
.about-body p:last-of-type { margin-bottom: var(--space-6); }

.profile-groups { margin-top: var(--space-10); }
.profile-group { margin-bottom: var(--space-10); }
.profile-group:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.profile-group .sub-head { font-size: var(--text-lg); margin-bottom: var(--space-5); }

.course-categories {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-8);
  margin-top: var(--space-8);
  padding-top: var(--space-6);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--color-line);
}
.course-category-title {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  color: var(--color-accent);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}
.course-bullets { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.course-bullets li {
  position: relative;
  padding-left: var(--space-5);
  padding-top: var(--space-2);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-2);
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  color: var(--color-ink);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-line-soft);
}
.course-bullets li:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
.course-bullets li::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: calc(var(--space-2) + 0.6em);
  width: 6px;
  height: 6px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--color-accent);
}

/* ---------- Research ---------- */

.research-intro-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  margin-top: calc(-1 * clamp(var(--space-6), 4vw, var(--space-12)));
  margin-bottom: clamp(var(--space-8), 4vw, var(--space-12));
}
.research-intro-text {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: none;
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.5;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: var(--color-ink);
  margin: 0;
}
.research-intro-text a {
  color: var(--color-accent);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}
.research-intro-link {
  align-self: flex-start;
  margin-top: var(--space-5);
  margin-bottom: 0;
}
.research-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--color-ink);
}
.research-card {
  padding: var(--space-6) var(--space-5) var(--space-8) 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-line);
  min-height: 270px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}
.research-card:nth-child(3n+2), .research-card:nth-child(3n+3) {
  padding-left: var(--space-6);
  border-left: 1px solid var(--color-line);
}
.research-card-title { display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: var(--space-3); margin-bottom: var(--space-8); }
.research-card-title .tag { flex-shrink: 0; }
.research-card h3 { font-size: var(--text-lg); font-weight: 600; }
.research-card p { max-width: 300px; font-size: var(--text-base); color: var(--color-muted); line-height: 1.55; flex-grow: 1; }
.card-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  margin-top: var(--space-4);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  color: var(--color-accent);
  transition: gap var(--transition);
}
.card-link span { transition: transform var(--transition); }
.card-link:hover { gap: var(--space-3); }
.card-link:hover span { transform: translateX(2px); }

.research-cta {
  margin-top: var(--space-8);
  padding: var(--space-5) var(--space-8);
  background: var(--color-accent);
  border-radius: 16px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: var(--space-6);
}
.research-cta-text h3 { font-size: var(--text-lg); font-weight: 600; color: var(--color-inverse); }
.research-cta-text p { font-size: var(--text-base); color: var(--color-inverse); opacity: 0.85; margin-top: var(--space-2); max-width: 66ch; }
.research-cta .hero-cta { flex-shrink: 0; border-color: var(--color-inverse); color: var(--color-inverse); }
.research-cta .hero-cta:hover { background: var(--color-inverse); color: var(--color-accent); }

.services-cta { background: var(--color-inverse); }
.services-cta .research-cta-text h3 { color: var(--color-accent); }
.services-cta .hero-cta { border-color: var(--color-accent); color: var(--color-accent); }
.services-cta .hero-cta:hover { background: var(--color-accent); color: var(--color-inverse); }

.grants { margin-top: clamp(var(--space-12), 5vw, var(--space-16)); }
.sub-head { font-size: var(--text-xl); font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: var(--space-8); }
.grant-list { border-top: 1px solid var(--color-ink); }
.grant-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
  gap: var(--space-6);
  align-items: start;
  padding: var(--space-6) 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-line);
}
.grant-title h4 { font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: var(--text-base); font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: var(--space-2); text-wrap: normal; }
.grant-meta { font-size: var(--text-sm); color: var(--color-muted); }
.grant-amount { text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; }
.grant-amount span { display: block; font-family: var(--font-display); font-weight: 700; font-size: var(--text-base); color: var(--color-accent); }
.grant-amount small { font-size: var(--text-xs); color: var(--color-faint); }

.funders { margin-top: clamp(var(--space-12), 5vw, var(--space-16)); }
.funder-logos {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(var(--space-8), 5vw, var(--space-12));
}
.funder-logos img {
  height: 34px;
  width: auto;
  max-width: 160px;
  object-fit: contain;
  filter: grayscale(1);
  opacity: 0.6;
  transition: opacity 0.2s ease, filter 0.2s ease;
}
.funder-logos a { display: flex; align-items: center; }
.funder-logos img:hover { filter: grayscale(0); opacity: 1; }
.funder-logo-uk-sin { height: 39px; }

.work-logos {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(var(--space-6), 4vw, var(--space-10));
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
}
.work-logos a { display: flex; align-items: center; }
.work-logos img {
  height: clamp(22px, 3vw, 38px);
  width: auto;
  max-width: 130px;
  object-fit: contain;
  filter: grayscale(1);
  opacity: 0.65;
  transition: opacity 0.2s ease, filter 0.2s ease;
}
.work-logos img:hover { filter: grayscale(0); opacity: 1; }

.publications {
  margin-top: var(--space-10);
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: var(--space-4);
  padding-top: var(--space-6);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--color-line);
}
.publications p { color: var(--color-muted); font-size: var(--text-base); }
.text-link { font-size: var(--text-sm); font-weight: 600; color: var(--color-accent); border-bottom: 1px solid currentColor; }
.text-link:hover { color: var(--color-ink); }

/* ---------- Services ---------- */

.services { background: var(--color-accent); color: var(--color-inverse); }
.services .section-head h2 { color: var(--color-inverse); }
.services .tag { color: var(--color-accent-soft); }
.service-list { border-top: 1px solid rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.28); }
.service {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 6% 32% 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-6);
  align-items: baseline;
  padding: var(--space-6) 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.2);
}
.service h3 { font-size: var(--text-lg); font-weight: 600; color: var(--color-inverse); }
.service-copy { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: var(--space-2); width: 100%; max-width: none; }
.service-copy p { max-width: none; margin: 0; color: rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.75); font-size: var(--text-base); line-height: 1.55; }
.service-value {
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--color-accent-soft);
  margin: 0 !important;
}
.service-title { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: var(--space-3); }

/* ---------- Projects ---------- */

.projects-intro { max-width: 640px; margin-bottom: clamp(var(--space-10), 5vw, var(--space-16)); }
.projects-empty {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--color-ink);
  padding: clamp(var(--space-16), 8vw, var(--space-24)) 0;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: var(--space-4);
}
.projects-empty .tag { color: var(--color-accent); }
.projects-empty p { color: var(--color-muted); font-size: var(--text-base); }

/* ---------- Project grid & cards ---------- */

.project-categories { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: clamp(var(--space-12), 6vw, var(--space-16)); }
.project-category-head {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: var(--space-4);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--color-ink);
  padding-top: var(--space-6);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
}
.project-category-head .sub-head { margin-bottom: 0; }

.project-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-10) var(--space-8);
}

.project-card { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }

.project-media {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 12px;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-line);
  padding: 0;
  background: var(--color-surface);
  cursor: pointer;
  font: inherit;
}
.project-media img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
  transition: transform 420ms cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}
.project-media:hover img { transform: scale(1.035); }
.project-media--fit img { object-fit: contain; padding: var(--space-4); }
.project-media--fit:hover img { transform: scale(1); }
.project-media:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--color-accent); outline-offset: 2px; }
.project-media-count {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: var(--space-3);
  right: var(--space-3);
  background: rgba(20, 24, 26, 0.72);
  color: var(--color-inverse);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  padding: 3px 10px;
  border-radius: 999px;
}

.project-card-body { padding-top: var(--space-4); }
.project-card-body .tag { color: var(--color-accent); }
.project-card-body h3 { font-size: var(--text-lg); font-weight: 600; margin-top: var(--space-2); }
.project-card-body p { font-size: var(--text-base); color: var(--color-muted); margin-top: var(--space-1); }

.project-card-empty {
  border: 1px dashed var(--color-line);
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: var(--space-8) var(--space-6);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--space-2);
  justify-content: center;
  min-height: 148px;
}
.project-card-empty .tag { color: var(--color-accent); }
.project-card-empty p { color: var(--color-muted); font-size: var(--text-sm); }

/* ---------- Project modal ---------- */

.project-modal {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: var(--space-6);
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transition: opacity var(--transition);
}
.project-modal.is-open { opacity: 1; visibility: visible; }
.project-modal-backdrop {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: rgba(14, 16, 17, 0.78);
}
.project-modal-inner {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  width: min(880px, 100%);
  max-height: 92vh;
  overflow-y: auto;
  background: var(--color-bg);
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding: var(--space-6);
  transform: translateY(12px) scale(0.98);
  opacity: 0;
  transition: transform var(--transition), opacity var(--transition);
}
.project-modal.is-open .project-modal-inner { transform: translateY(0) scale(1); opacity: 1; }
.project-modal-close {
  position: absolute;
  top: var(--space-4);
  right: var(--space-4);
  z-index: 2;
  width: 36px;
  height: 36px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-line);
  background: var(--color-bg);
  color: var(--color-ink);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background var(--transition), color var(--transition);
}
.project-modal-close:hover { background: var(--color-ink); color: var(--color-bg); }
.project-modal-image-wrap {
  position: relative;
  border-radius: 12px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--color-surface);
  height: clamp(280px, 55vh, 520px);
}
.project-modal-image {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: contain;
  background: var(--color-surface);
}
.project-modal-video {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: contain;
  background: var(--color-surface);
}
.project-modal-video[hidden] { display: none; }
.project-modal-image[hidden] { display: none; }
.project-modal-nav {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-line);
  background: rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.92);
  color: var(--color-ink);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background var(--transition);
}
.project-modal-nav:hover { background: var(--color-bg); }
.project-modal-nav[hidden] { display: none; }
.project-modal-prev { left: var(--space-4); }
.project-modal-next { right: var(--space-4); }
.project-modal-count {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: var(--space-3);
  right: var(--space-3);
  background: rgba(20, 24, 26, 0.72);
  color: var(--color-inverse);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: 3px 10px;
  border-radius: 999px;
}
.project-modal-text { padding-top: var(--space-5); max-width: 68ch; }
.project-modal-tag { color: var(--color-accent); }
.project-modal-title { font-size: var(--text-xl); font-weight: 600; margin-top: var(--space-2); }
.project-modal-desc { font-size: var(--text-base); color: var(--color-muted); line-height: 1.6; margin-top: var(--space-3); }

.about-body .people-team-copy { font-size: var(--text-base); color: var(--color-muted); max-width: none; margin-bottom: var(--space-4); }

.people-empty {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--color-line);
  padding: var(--space-6) 0;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: var(--space-2);
}
.people-empty .tag { color: var(--color-accent); }
.people-empty p { color: var(--color-muted); font-size: var(--text-base); max-width: 60ch; }

.directions {
  margin-top: clamp(var(--space-12), 5vw, var(--space-16));
  padding-top: var(--space-8);
  border-top: 1px dashed var(--color-accent);
}
.directions-intro {
  max-width: 60ch;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  line-height: 1.6;
}
.direction-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-8) var(--space-6);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-8);
}
.direction-card { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: var(--space-3); }
.direction-media {
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 3px;
  border: 1px dashed var(--color-accent);
}
.direction-media img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; display: block; }
.direction-card .tag.accent { color: var(--color-accent); margin-top: var(--space-1); }
.direction-card h4 { font-size: var(--text-sm); font-weight: 600; color: var(--color-ink); line-height: 1.3; }

.testimonial-carousel { position: relative; }
.testimonial-track {
  display: grid;
}
.testimonial-slide {
  grid-row: 1;
  grid-column: 1;
  visibility: hidden;
  opacity: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.testimonial-slide.is-active {
  visibility: visible;
  opacity: 1;
  pointer-events: auto;
  animation: testimonialFade 0.35s ease;
}
@keyframes testimonialFade {
  from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(4px); }
  to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}
.testimonial-slide blockquote { margin: 0; }
.testimonial-attribution {
  margin-top: var(--space-5);
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: var(--space-4);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.testimonial-attribution strong { font-size: var(--text-sm); font-weight: 600; color: var(--color-ink); }
.testimonial-attribution .card-link { margin-top: 0; }
.testimonial-nav {
  margin-top: var(--space-5);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-3);
}
.testimonial-arrow {
  width: 24px;
  height: 24px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  border: none;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--color-ink);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 0;
  transition: color var(--transition);
}
.testimonial-arrow:hover { color: var(--color-accent); }
.testimonial-count { font-size: var(--text-sm); color: var(--color-muted); font-weight: 600; min-width: 32px; text-align: center; }

/* ---------- Secondary page footer ---------- */

.site-footer {
  margin-top: clamp(var(--space-16), 6vw, var(--space-24));
  padding: var(--space-6) clamp(var(--space-6), 5vw, var(--space-16)) var(--space-10);
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: var(--space-4);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  color: var(--color-faint);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--color-line);
}
.site-footer.light { color: rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.5); border-top-color: rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.18); margin-top: clamp(var(--space-12), 5vw, var(--space-16)); padding-left: 0; padding-right: 0; }

/* ---------- Experience ---------- */

.timeline { border-top: 1px solid var(--color-ink); }
.role {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 180px 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-6);
  padding: var(--space-5) 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-line);
}
.role time { font-size: var(--text-sm); color: var(--color-muted); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.role h3 { font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: var(--text-base); font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: var(--space-1); }
.role p { font-size: var(--text-base); color: var(--color-muted); }

/* ---------- Footer / Contact ---------- */

footer#contact {
  padding: clamp(var(--space-16), 8vw, var(--space-32)) clamp(var(--space-6), 5vw, var(--space-16));
  background: var(--color-accent);
  color: var(--color-inverse);
  min-height: 70vh;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
}
.contact-top .tag { color: rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.75); }
.contact-top h2 {
  font-size: var(--text-2xl);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  margin: var(--space-4) 0 var(--space-6);
  max-width: 900px;
}
.contact-note { max-width: 420px; font-size: var(--text-lg); color: rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.85); line-height: 1.5; }

.contact-email {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  align-self: flex-start;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 2.4vw, 1.7rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  margin-top: var(--space-6);
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--color-inverse);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-2);
  transition: opacity var(--transition);
}
.contact-email:hover { opacity: 0.7; }
.mail-icon { width: 0.85em; height: 0.85em; flex-shrink: 0; }

/* ---------- Contact body: info + form ---------- */

.contact-body {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(220px, 0.85fr) minmax(320px, 1.15fr);
  gap: clamp(var(--space-10), 6vw, var(--space-20));
  margin: clamp(var(--space-10), 6vw, var(--space-16)) 0;
  align-items: start;
}
.contact-info { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }

.contact-form {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--space-5);
  background: rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.06);
  border: 1px solid rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.22);
  border-radius: 14px;
  padding: clamp(var(--space-6), 3vw, var(--space-8));
}
.form-honey { position: absolute; left: -9999px; width: 1px; height: 1px; opacity: 0; }
.form-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: var(--space-5); }
.form-field { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: var(--space-2); }
.form-field label {
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  color: rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.7);
}
.form-field label span { color: var(--color-inverse); margin-left: 2px; }
.form-field input,
.form-field select,
.form-field textarea {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  color: var(--color-inverse);
  background: rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.08);
  border: 1px solid rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.3);
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: var(--space-3) var(--space-4);
  transition: border-color var(--transition), background var(--transition);
}
.form-field textarea { resize: vertical; min-height: 108px; }
.form-field input::placeholder,
.form-field textarea::placeholder { color: rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.45); }
.form-field input:focus,
.form-field select:focus,
.form-field textarea:focus {
  outline: none;
  border-color: var(--color-inverse);
  background: rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.14);
}
.form-field select {
  appearance: none;
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 20 20' fill='none'%3E%3Cpath d='M5 7.5l5 5 5-5' stroke='%23faf8f3' stroke-width='1.6' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-linejoin='round'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-position: right var(--space-4) center;
  padding-right: var(--space-9);
}
.form-field select option { color: var(--color-ink); }
.form-field select:invalid { color: rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.45); }

.form-footer { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: var(--space-5); flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: var(--space-1); }
.form-submit {
  border-color: var(--color-inverse);
  color: var(--color-inverse);
  background: transparent;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.form-submit:hover { background: var(--color-inverse); color: var(--color-accent); }
.form-submit:disabled { opacity: 0.6; cursor: not-allowed; }
.form-status { font-size: var(--text-sm); color: rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.85); }
.form-status.is-error { color: #ffb4a2; }
.form-status.is-success { color: var(--color-inverse); font-weight: 600; }

.footer-bottom {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--space-4);
  padding-top: var(--space-6);
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.3);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  color: rgba(250, 248, 243, 0.75);
}
.footer-links { display: flex; gap: var(--space-5); flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer-links a:hover { color: var(--color-inverse); }

/* ---------- Responsive ---------- */

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .section-head, .about-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--space-4); }
  #about .lede { position: static; top: auto; }
  .research-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .research-card:nth-child(3n+2) { padding-left: 0; border-left: none; }
  .research-card:nth-child(odd) { padding-right: var(--space-6); }
  .research-card:nth-child(even) { padding-left: var(--space-6); border-left: 1px solid var(--color-line); }
  .service { grid-template-columns: 40px 1fr; }
  .service-copy { grid-column: 2; }
  .contact-body { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--space-10); }
  .course-categories { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--space-6); }
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  :root { --sidebar-w: 310px; }
  .nav-toggle { display: flex; }
  .logo-word { font-size: 1.38rem; }
  .logo svg { width: 45px; height: 45px; }
  .sidebar {
    transform: translateX(-100%);
    transition: transform var(--transition);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow, 0 0 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.15));
  }
  .sidebar.open { transform: translateX(0); }
  main { margin-left: 0; }
  .hero { min-height: 92vh; align-items: flex-end; padding-top: var(--space-24); }
  .research-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .research-card, .research-card:nth-child(odd), .research-card:nth-child(even) {
    padding: var(--space-5) 0; border-left: none;
  }
  .grant-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .research-cta { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: var(--space-4); padding: var(--space-5); }
  .research-cta .hero-cta { align-self: flex-start; }
  .grant-amount { text-align: left; }
  .role { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--space-1); }
  .publications { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
  .contact-email { font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 6vw, 1.8rem); }
  .form-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--space-4); }
  .contact-form { padding: var(--space-5); }
  .project-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--space-8); }
  .direction-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: var(--space-6) var(--space-4); }
  .project-modal-inner { padding: var(--space-4); }
  .project-modal-image-wrap { height: clamp(220px, 42vh, 380px); }
  .project-modal-nav { width: 34px; height: 34px; }
  .project-modal-prev { left: var(--space-2); }
  .project-modal-next { right: var(--space-2); }
}